(1) ASIAN PSYCHOLOGIES - Fall 2008

Reggie Pawle, Ph.D., www.reggiepawle.net; reggiepawle@yahoo.com

Office # 3318; Office Hours: Monday 13:15-14:15; Wednesday 16:00-17:00

People everywhere have long wondered about some of the basic questions that modern psychology tries to address in a scientific way. In particular people have wondered about the mystery of mind. For example, why is it that some people suffer and have various mental difficulties, and what are the potentials of mind or how can people develop to become full human beings- Psychology originated in the West and has been based on Western approaches to the mystery of mind. Within other cultures there are different approaches that point to possibilities and potentials of human beings that are not so clearly addressed in Western psychology. Psychologies from Asia differ in fundamental ways from the traditional Western psychological understandings and point to alternatives that are helpful for all human beings.

This course will first study traditions from India and China that have had important influences on modern psychology and then study how these traditions have been applied in modern psychotherapeutic ways both in Asia and the West. Attention will be given to the Asian idea of “self-cultivation,” the idea that people need to “cultivate” themselves in order to heal from mental disorders and to develop fully as a human being. Study will be oriented towards students gaining both an intellectual and experiential understanding of the psychologies studied. Experiential exercises will include yoga practices, Buddhist meditation practice, Chi Gung exercises, Zen koan practice, mandala drawing, Morita exercises, Naikan exercises, breathing practices, and sensory awareness practice. There will be an optional field trip to traditional self-cultivation sites in Kyoto. For more information, see Dr. Pawle’s website: www.reggiepawle.net.

COURSE TOPICS

Yoga psychology (India)

Yogacara Buddhist psychology (India)

Taoist psychology (China)

Naikan and Morita psychology (Japan)

Tantric and Ayurveda psychology (India)

Zen Buddhist psychology (Japan)

Self-cultivation

Buddhist mindfulness psychology applications

Yoga breath psychology applications

Taoist energy and artistic psychology applications

Jung and Eastern practices

GRADING

5% Explanation paper of one verse of Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras or Vasubandhu’s The Thirty Verses - Due Week 6 Class 1 (Tuesday, October 14, 2008)

30% Midterm Debate and Paper-yogis vs. Buddhists vs. Taoists

Debate Week 8 -Class 1 (Tuesday, October 28, 2008)

Paper Due Week 8 - Class 2 (Thursday, October 30, 2008)

30% Individual project on self-cultivation - Due Week 13 -Class 1 (December 2, 2008)

30% Final take-home exam -Due Thursday, December 18, 2008, 14:20 deadline

5% Class participation

Readings will be selected from the following:

Aiyer, N.R. Narayana. (1960) The Technique of Maha Yoga. Madras: Ramakendra.

Anacker, Stephen. (1984). Seven Works of Vasubandhu: The Buddhist Psychological Doctor. Delhi, India: Motilal Banarsidass.

Ando, Osamu. (unpublished). “Psychotherapy and Buddhism” Why Now-: The Contemporary Significance of Buddhism in Psychotherapy as Seen from the Japanese Perspective. Kyoto 2006 Conference, Self and No-self in Psychotherapy and Buddhism, Hanazono University, pp. 8-15 (日本語ページ251-255).

Barbara. (Unpublished). Journal.

Brooks, Charles V.W. (1986). Sensory Awareness: The Rediscovery of Experiencing Through Workshops with Charlotte Selver. New York: Viking Press, 1986.

Capra, Fritjof. (2000). The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels Between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism. Boston: Shambhala.

Carey, Benedict. (2008). Lotus Therapy. The New York Times, published May 27, 2008.

Confucious. The Analects, Sayings by Confucious.

Dowman, Keith, & Paljor, Sonam. (trans.) The Divine Madman: The Sublime Life and Songs of Drukpa Kunley. Clearlake, California: The Dawn Horse Press.

Feuerstein, Georg. (1979). The Yoga Sutra of Patanjali. Rochester, Vermont, USA: Inner Traditions International.

Fincher, Susanne. (1991). Creating Mandalas. Boston: Shambhala.

Friedeberger, Julie. (2004). The Healing Power of Yoga: For Health, Well-being, and Inner Peace. New Delhi, India: New Age Books.

Hammond, Holly. (1995). Being Human is Nothing Extraordinary: An Interview with Charles Belyea. Yoga Journal, Issue 122 (June 1995), pp. 71-75, 143-149.

Harada, Sekkei. (2007). Mind, Buddha, and Sentient Beings, Hosshinji Newsletter, No. 30 (Fall 2007), pp. 1-2.

Hendricks, Gay. (1995). Conscious Breathing. New York: Bantam Books.

Ikkyu. (2003). Wild Ways: Zen Poems. (John Stevens, trans.). Buffalo, New YorkWhite Pine Press.

Jones, Franklin. (1974). The Spiritual Instructions of Swami Muktananda. Lower Lake, California, USA: Dawn Horse Press.

Kabat-Zinn, Jon. (1990). Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness. New York: Random House.

Kakar, Sudhir. (1991). Shamans, Mystics, and Doctors. Chicago, Illinois, USA: University of Chicago Press.

Kaptchuk, Ted. (2000). The Web That Has No Weaver: Understanding Chinese Medicine. New York: Contemporary Books.

Kochumuttom, Thomas. (1982). A Buddhist Doctrine of Experience: A New Translation and Interpretation of the Works of Vasubandhu the Yogacarin. Delhi, India: Motilal Banarsidass.

Kuriyama, Shigehisa. (2002). The Expressiveness of the Body and the Divergence of Greek and Chinese Medicine. New York: Zone Books.

Kuroki, Ken. “Psychology of Qi,” “External Qigong Practices,” “Feeling the Sensations of Qi,” http://kenkuroki.net/.

Leigh, William. (1989). A Zen Approach to Bodytherapy. Honolulu: International Zentherapy Institute & Institute of Zen Studies.

Martin, Philip. (1999). The Zen Path Through Depression. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

Matsumoto, Kiiko, and Birch, Stephen. (1983). Five Elements and Ten Stems: Nan Ching Theory, Diagnostics and Practice. USA: Paradigm Publications.

Nagao, G.M. (1991). Madhyamika and Yogacara: A Study of Mahayana Philosophies.Albany, New York, USA: State University of New York Press.

Pawle, Reggie. (2005). The Psychology of Zen: Could an Eastern View Enhance the Science of Mind and Behavior- Kyoto Journal, 59, pp. 8-13.

Pawle, Reggie. (2005). Naikan: Japanese Psychotherapy. Kansai Time Out, no. 345 (November), p. 45.

Pawle, Reggie. (2006). Think It Over: Reggie Pawle Reviews the Merits of Morita Therapy. Kansai Time Out, no. 352 (June), p. 41.

Pawle, Reggie. (to be published 2008). The Ego in the Psychology of Zen: Understanding Reports from Japanese Zen Masters on the Experience of No-self. Kyoto 2006 Conference, Self and No-self in Psychotherapy and Buddhism, Hanazono University, Japan, pp. 222-234.

Rama, Swami. (2007). Purify Your Chakras: The Practice of Bhuta Shuddhi. Yoga + Joyful Living, Issue 97 (September/October), pp. 40-45.

Rao, K. Ramakrishna. (2003). Scope and substance of Indian psychology. Self & Personality in Yoga & Indian Psychology: A National Conference/Seminar. Visakhapatnam, India: Andhra University.

Reynolds, David. (1980). The Quiet Therapies: Japanese Pathways to Personal Growth. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Ross, Nancy. (1960). (ed.). The World of Zen: An East-West Anthology. New York: Vantage Books.

Sircar, Rina. (1999). Psycho-Ethical Aspects of Abdhidhamma. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America.

Stevens, Anthony. (1994). Jung: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.

Suzuki, D., Fromm, E., & De Martino, R. (1960). Zen Buddhism and Psychoanalysis. New York: Harper.

Svoboda, Robert E. (1998). Prakriti: Your Ayurvedic Constitution. Twin Lakes, Wisconsin, USA: Lotus Press.

Takakusu, Junjiro. (1977). Takakusu Junjiro Zenshu (The Collected Works of Junjiro Takakusu). Tokyo: Kyoiku Shinchosha.

Tseng, Wen-Shing; Chang, Suk Choo; & Nishizono, Masahisa. (eds.). (2005). Asian Culture and Psychotherapy: Implications for East and West. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

University of Virginia Magazine. (winter 2006). Snap Judgments. p. 46.

Venkatesananda, Swami. (Trans.) Patanjali - Yoga Sutras. HeartMind Institute: www.rainbowbody.net

Vishnudevananda, Swami. (1960). The Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga. New York: Bell Publishing.

Waldron, William. A Comparison of the Alayavijnana with Freud’s and Jung’s Theories of the Unconscious. Shin Buddhist Comprehensive Research Institute Annual Memoirs, 6, pp. 109-149.

Wilhelm, Richard (Trans.). (1962). The Secret of the Golden Flower: A Chinese Book of Life. New York: Harcourt Brace and Company.

Wei-Tat (Trans.). (1973). Ch’eng Wei Shih Lun. The Doctrine of Mere Consciousness. (=Vijnatimatrasiddhi). Hong Kong: Ch’eng Wei’Shih Lun Publication Committee.

Yogananda, Paramahansa. (1971). Autobiography of a Yogi. Los Angeles: Self-Realization Fellowship. (original work 1946).

Yomiuri Shimbun, Japanese newspaper, various articles.

Yuasa, Yasuo. (1987) The Body: Toward an Eastern Mind-Body Theory. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press.

Reading Assignments

Week 1 - Asian psychology - conceptual introduction

Class 1 - Introduction - Readings Group #1

Capra, pp. 16-25, 52-54, 302-307.

Class 2 - self-cultivation - Readings Group #2

Rao, pp. 7-9; Confucius, pp. 356-359; Kuriyama, pp. 185-192; Kabat-Zinn, pp. 164-167; Harada Sekkei, newsletter.

Conceptual basis - Weeks 2-7

Week 2 - yoga psychology

Class 1 - Mind in yoga - Readings Group #3

Vishnudevananda, pp. 12-18, 256-276.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Yogic Pursuit of Serenity.”

Yoga practice - practice of constraint - 8 limbs

Class 2 - Breath in yoga - Readings Group #4

Vishnudevananda, pp. 199-203, 220-251; Feuerstein, pp. 96-103.

Venkatesananda, pp. 1-6.

Class activity - Pranayama practice, relaxation practice

Week 3 - yoga psychology; Indian Buddhist psychology

Class 1 - National holiday - no class

Class 2 - Energy in yoga - Readings Group #5

Vishnudevananda, pp. 286-299; Feuerstein, pp. 59-78;

Rama, pp. 40-45.

Class activity - Yoga practice - mantric meditation

Week 4 -Indian Buddhist psychology - Yogacara

Class 1 - Introduction to Buddhist psychology - Readings Group #6

Abhidhamma and Yogacara

Four Noble Truths; Yogacara - Important Ideas.

Sircar, pp. 1-22; Snap judgments - www.implicit.harvard.edu - Insert - Buddhist practice - bare attention.

Class 2 -Vasubandhu’s The Thirty Verses, verses 1-16 - Readings Group #7

Kochumuttom, pp. 127-163; Anacker, pp. 183-190;

Wei-Tat, pp. cxxiii-cxxxix. Takakusu, “The One Hundred Elements of Experience in the Yogacara School,” diagram.

Inserts - Yogacara - General Notes; Trimsika-karika Sections and Themes

Class activity - loving kindness meditation

Week 5 -Indian Buddhist psychology - Yogacara; Taoist psychology;

Class 1 - Vasubandhu’s The Thirty Verses, verses 17-24 - Readings Group #8

Nagao, pp. 51-74.

Insert - Buddhist practice - 32 Parts of the Body.

Class 2 - Taoist psychology: introduction - Readings Group #9 Kaptchuk, pp. 1-15; Kuriyama, pp. 7-12, pp. 143-152;

Matsumoto and Birch, 1-7. Yomiuri Shimbun article, “FatModels Stay in Africa as West Wants Size Zero”

Week 6 - Taoist psychology; Explanation paper due

Class 1 - 5 elements theory - Readings Group #10

Explanation paper due

Matsumoto and Birch, pp. 8-35, 40-44.

Kuroki, pp. 1-2; http://kenkuroki.net/

Class 2 - Taoist practice- Readings Group #11

Wilhelm, pp. 10-15; 30-45, 64-65, 69-78.

Week 7 - Practitioners; Review and comparison

Class 1 - Historical Practitioners - - Readings Group #12

Aiyer, pp. 30-35, 38-43, 56-59; Jones, pp. 3-15; Yogananda, pp. 147-154;

Hammond, pp. 71-75, 143-149; Dowman & Paljor, The Divine Madman, pp. 21-23; Ikkyu, pp. 9-12, 32-35, 81, 111-113; Harada, pp. 11-13 Sasaki, pp. 10-13.

Class 2 - Review; Comparison with Freud and Jung - Readings Group #13

Waldron, pp. 109-141; Insert - Jungian Basic Ideas

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Breaks Help Padres Turn Back Red Sox”

Week 8 - Debate & Paper; Japanese psychologies

Class 1 - Debate

Psychological applications of self-cultivation practices - Weeks 8B-11

Class 2 - Morita - Readings Group #14

Debate Paper Due

Reynolds, 4-45; Pawle, p. 41.

Week 9 - Japanese psychologies; Psychological applications to stress

Class 1 - Naikan - Readings Group #15

Reynolds, 46-65; Pawle, p. 45.

Class 2 - Yoga, Buddhism, & stress - Readings Group #16

Kabat-Zinn, pp. xv-xvii, 58, 72-74, 91-93, 103-113, 140-146, 149-167.

Friedeberger, pp. 9-17, 127-130.

Week 10 - Psychological applications of mindfulness and breath

Class 1 - Mindfulness - Dissociation - Readings Group #17

Brooks, pp. 23-46; Barbara, pp. 1-8.

New York Times article, “Lotus Therapy,” pp. 1-4.

Class 2 - Breath - Zen & yoga - Readings Group #18

Reynolds, pp. 78-90 (seiza); Leigh, pp. 129-136;

Hendricks, pp. 44-49, 111-114, 121-134, 147-151.

Week 11 - Psychological applications of koans and mandalas

Class 1 - Zen Buddhist koan practice - depression - Readings Group #19

Martin, pp. xi-xiii, 1-17, 66-69, 77-79.

Class 2 - Jung and mandalas - Readings Group #20

Jung regarding The Secret of the Golden Flower, pp. 97-107, 128-137.

Fincher, pp. 19-32.

Traditional Psychologies - Weeks 12-14

Week 12 - Jung and the East; Traditional psychology - Korean

Class 1 - Jung and yoga psychology - Readings Group #21

Jung regarding The Secret of the Golden Flower, pp. 81-96.

Class 2 - Korean psychology - Readings Group #22

Tseng, Chang, & Nishizono, pp. 225-248.

Week 13 - Traditional Indian psychology; Individual Project Due

Class 1 - Tantra psychology - Readings Group #23

Individual Project Due

Kakar, pp. 161-190.

Class 2 - Ayurveda - - Readings Group #24

Kakar, pp. 252-270; Svoboda, pp. 31-49.

Week 14 - Zen Buddhist psychology

Class 1 - Readings Group #25

Pawle, pp. 222-234, 8-13; Four Buddhist readings (Mumonkan Case 19, Hekiganroku Case 1, Fukanzazengi, Sekkei Harada)

Class 2 - Readings Group #26

Ross, pp. 197-210; Four Buddhist readings.

Week 15 - Final Take-home Exam

Optional Field Trip to Kyoto self-cultivation sites

(2) CROSS-CULTURAL SOCIAL EXPERIENCE - Fall 2008

Reggie Pawle, Ph.D., www.reggiepawle.net; reggiepawle@yahoo.com

Office # 3318; Office Hours: Monday 13:15-14:15; Wednesday 16:00-17:00

Cross-cultural social experience has many psychological challenges. These challenges are part of the experience of anyone who lives in a culture outside their native culture or who interacts with non-native people who have come to live in their own culture. In this course we study basic factors and situations that challenge a person in cross-cultural social experience: adaptation to a different culture, values, ethics, communication styles, ways of being in both friendship and romantic relationships, family systems, and business relationships. The focus is psychological: what are the connections between a person’s cross-cultural social environment and their inner psychological experience. The hope is that students will make experiential connections between the factors studied and their actual lived cross-cultural experience. This study includes both intellectual study and experiential learning. Attention is given to people from “individualistic” cultures learning about “collective” cultures and vice versa. This class is appropriate both for students who want to understand their own cross-cultural experience and for those who are interested in interacting in cross-cultural situations. This is a participatory course, so students should be willing to interact with other students in an examination of the psychological factors in their own cross-cultural experience. For a class-by-class description, see Dr. Pawle’s website: www.reggiepawle.net.

COURSE TOPICS

The relationship of culture and psychology Acculturation and adaptation

How behavior is interpreted culturally Cultural value orientations

Cross-cultural friendship relationships Cultural ethics considerations

Cross-cultural romantic relationships Cross-cultural communication

Cross-cultural family considerations Cross-cultural conflicts

Culture in the workplace

GRADING

5% Response Paper - Psychological issues

Due Week 4 - Class 2 (Thursday, October 2, 2008); 500 words.

30% Midterm Paper - Case Studies Values Report & Discussion Report

Due Week 8 - Class 1 (Tuesday, October 28, 2008); 1200 words.

30% Group Role Play and Individual Report

Group Role Play - Due Week 12 - Class 1 (Tuesday, November 25, 2008) -

15% of grade.

Individual Report - Due Week 12 - Class 2 (Thursday, November 27, 2008) -

800 words -15% of grade

30% Final Paper - Comparison of Cultural Experience with a Classmate

Discussion report due last class of the term (Thursday, December 11, 2008)

Paper due Finals Week, Thursday, December 18, 2008, 15:50 deadline

5% Class participation

CROSS-CULTURAL SOCIAL EXPERIENCE

Reggie Pawle, Ph.D., www.reggiepawle.net; reggiepawle@yahoo.com

Office # 3318; Office Hours: Monday 13:15-14:15; Wednesday 16:00-17:00

Readings will be selected from the following:

Bennett, Milton. (ed.). (1998). Basic Concepts of Intercultural Communication. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press.

Cohen, Martin. (2007). 101 Ethical Dilemmas. New York: Routledge.

Cooper, Robert & Nanthapa. (1982). Culture Shock! Thailand. Singapore: Times Books International.

Cushner, Kenneth, & Brislin, Richard. (eds.). (1997) Improving Intercultural Interactions: Modules for Cross-Cultural Training Programs (vol. 2). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

Daily Yomiuri newspaper, various articles.

Elwood, Kate. (2001). Getting Along With the Japanese. Tokyo: Ask Publishing.

Fitzgerald, Nora. (2004). For Teens, It’s a Tough Transition. International Herald Tribune, June 26-27, p. 18.

Hofstede, Geert, & Hofstede, Gert Jan. (2005). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Hofstede, Gert Jan; Pedersen, Paul; & Hofstede, Geert. (2002). Exploring Culture: Exercises, Stories, and Synthetic Cultures. Yarmouth, Maine: Intercultural Press.

Japan Times newspaper article.

Kohls, Robert, & Knight, John. (1994). Developing Intercultural Awareness. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press.

Ma, Karen. (1996). The Modern Madame Butterfly: Fantasy and Reality in Japanese Cross-Cultural Relationships. Tokyo, Japan: Charles E. Tuttle.

New York Times newspaper, various articles.

Pawle, Reggie. Kansai Time Out - (no. 343) September, 2005, p. 45; (no. 347) January, 2006, p. 42; & (no. 349) March, 2006, p. 41.

Romano, Dugan. (2001). Intercultural Marriage: Promises and Pitfalls. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press.

Seelye, H. (1996). Experiential Activities for Intercultural Learning. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press.

Storti, Craig. (1999). Figuring Foreigners Out: A Practical Guide. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press.

Triandis, Harry. (1994). Culture and Social Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Wenzhong, Hu, & Grove, Cornelius. (1999). Encountering the Chinese: A Guide for Americans. Yarmouth, Maine, USA: Intercultural Press.

Wile, Daniel. (1988). After the Honeymoon: How Conflict Can Improve Your Relationship. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Reading Assignments

Week 1 - Psychological Issues

Class 1 - introduction - Readings Group #1

relevance of psychology; dreams; get to know each other

Self-disclosure Scale Exercise

Class 2 - culture shock, surprises - Readings Group #2

Culture shock outline and questions

Week 2 - Psychological Issues

Class 1 - culture and psychology - interpretation - Readings Group #3

Seelye, pp. 194-197, 202, 205-206; Storti, pp. 6-23;

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 1-13.

Class 2 - acculturation and adaptation for sojourners - Readings Group #4

Seelye, pp. 228-229; Pawle, p. 41 & p. 45; FitzGerald, p. 18;

Berry, et. al., pp. 291-309.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Beijing Institutes Queuing Day.”

Week 3 - Values & Value Dimensions

Class 1 - National holiday - no class

Class 2 - values - Readings Group #5

Wenzhong & Grove, pp. 117-131; Berry, et. al., pp. 78-85;

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 208-209.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Caught in the Middle, Called a Traitor.”

New York Times article, “The Mortgage Bust Goes Global.”

Week 4 - Value Dimensions

Class 1 - hierarchy-equality - Readings Group #6

Hofstede, et. al., pp. 98-100.

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp.39-51 (to “Power …Family”);

p. 58 (from “Power … State”) - p. 72.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “As American As Apple Pie, As Japanese As Sempai.”

Class 2 - individualism and collectivism - Readings Group #7

Hofstede, et. al., pp. 94-97; Wenzhong and Grove, pp. 1-10.

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 73-86 (to “Individualism … Family”); p. 92 (from “Language … Cultures”) - p. 99 (to “Individualism … Workplace”);

p. 103 (from “Individualism … State”) - p.114.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Different Perspectives on Freedom.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Being an Individual or Joining the Group.”

Week 5 - Value Dimensions

Class 1 - masculine-feminine - Readings Group #8

Hofstede, et. al., pp. 101-104.

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 115-128 (to “Masculinity … Family”); pp. 131 (from pp.131 (from “Masculinity...Sex”) - p.141 (to “Masculinity...Workplace”);

p. 146 (from “Masculinity … State”) - p. 162.

Class 2 - uncertainty tolerance - Readings Group #9

Response Paper Due

Hofstede, et. al., pp. 105-108.

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 163-173 (to “Uncertainty … Age”);

p.177 (from “Uncertainty…Health”) - p. 181;

p. 186 (from “Uncertainty…Motivation”) - p.205.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Lives of Principle and Policy.”

Week 6 - Value Dimensions

Class 1 - short-term/long-term orientation - Readings Group #10

Hofstede, et. al., pp. 109-113.

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 207-212 (to “Long … Family”);

p. 221 (from “Long- … Growth”) - p. 238.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “China Revives Honor Code.”

Class 2 - Case Studies - Readings Group #11

Kohls and Knight, pp. 85-95, 97-100, 103-109, 112-117, 122.

Week 7 - Ethics

Class 1 - ethics - Readings Group #12

Cohen, pp. xii-xix, 2-13.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Japan’s `Culture of Shame`.”

Boston Globe Newspaper article, “No Iraq Service for Prince Harry.”

Insert - Confucianism

Class 2 - Cross-cultural ethics - Readings Group #13

Cushner & Brislin, pp. 149-163.

Week 8 - Communication; Midterm Paper Due

Class 1 - direct/indirect communication - Readings Group #14

Storti, pp. 87-126.

Ki-sho-ten-ketsu - Japan essay style

Class 2 - individual/collective communication styles - Readings Group #15

Midterm Paper Due

Bennett, pp. 111-129.

Week 9 - Communication

Class 1 - other factors - Readings Group #16

Nonverbal, paralanguage, communication blocks, cultural appropriacy, etc.

Elwood, pp. 42-43; Pawle, p. 42; Triandis, pp. 181-206.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Pragmatically Occupied.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “It’s No Laughing Matter - Or Is It-”

Class 2 - negotiating conflicts - Readings Group #17

Hofstede & Hofstede, pp. 338-340; Cushner & Brislin, pp. 184-202.

Week 10 - Communication; Relationship Issues

Class 1 - negotiating conflicts - Readings Group #18

Cooper, pp. 99-112; Wile, pp. 47-90.

Class 2 - friendship relationship issues - Readings Group #19

Wenzhong & Grove, pp. 69-75.

Role play preparation

Week 11 - Romantic Relationship Issues

Class 1 -expectations, stereotypes - Readings Group #20

Ma, pp. 17-23, 34-36; Romano, pp. 35-64.

Japan Times article, “Mind the Gap.”

Daily Yomiuri article, “Intl Marriages More Common.”

Daily Yomiuri article, “Two Worlds Collide at Home.”

Role play preparation

Class 2 - sad stories, happy stories - Readings Group #21

Sad Stories - Ma, pp. 115-116, 122-123, 156-167.

Daily Yomiuri article, “Reality Ruins Dreams of Life in Japan.”

Happy Stories - Ma, pp. 116-117, 153-156, 167-170, 245-251.

Romano, pp. 69-76, 85-95, 131-145.

Week 12 - Role Plays

Class 1 - Role Plays & Script

Class 2 - What sustains a relationship- Readings Group #22

Role Play papers due

Romano, pp. 179-209; Survey; Student story (Davis).

Week 13 - Relationship Interactions; Family Issues

Class 1 - Relationship interactions

Review

Class 2 - cross-cultural family issues - Readings Group #23

Romano, Reader pp. 97-102, 113-129.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Different Perspectives on Individual Liberty.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Remaining Calm Despite the Storm.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Daughter Resents Selfish Father.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Daughter Fed Up With `Tyrant` Father.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Too Close for Comfort.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Wife Shocked Over Husband’s Change.”

Week 14 - Family; Culture in the Workplace

Class 1 - family - value dimensions - Readings Group #24

Hofstede & Hofstede -

p. 51 (from “Power … Family”) - p. 55 (to “Power … Workplace”); p. 57;

p. 86 (Individualism … Family) - p. 92 (to “Language …Cultures);

p. 96 (from “Individualism … School”) - p. 99 (to “Individualism …Workplace”);

p. 128 (from “Masculinity … Family”) - p. 132 (through “Table 4.2”);

p. 135 (from “Masculinity … Education) - p. 141 (to “Masculinity … Workplace); p. 174 - p. 181; p. 213 - p. 217.

Class 2 - workplace cultural issues - Readings Group #25

Storti, pp. 127-151.

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Unhelpful Clerks a Result of Individualism.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Fighting Walter Reed After Fighting the War: A Soldier’s Story.”

Yomiuri Shimbun article, “Panel to Blame Discipline for Fatal ’05 Derailment.”

Week 15 - Final Paper Due

(3) CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY (Fall 2008)

Reggie Pawle, Ph.D., www.reggiepawle.net; reggiepawle@yahoo.com

Office # 3318; Office Hours: Monday 13:15-14:15; Wednesday 16:00-17:00

Our psychology is interwoven with the society within which we live. How we understand ourselves and how we function psychologically is culturally based. How we think, how we feel, how we act - all these are greatly influenced culturally. As societies become more and more interactive, knowledge and sensitivity to similarities and differences of the psychologies of people around the world increases in importance. Cross-cultural psychology is a comparative study of psychologies of different cultures. This course focuses on studies of comparisons of two parts of psychology. The first is comparisons of important aspects of psychological functioning: sense of self, thinking, perception, emotions, approaches to pain, cultural uses of myths, and cultural understandings of relationships and love. The second is comparisons of psychotherapies in different cultures and a study of ways in which these psychotherapies have been integrated. Case studies that are examples of these psychotherapies will be explored and discussed. For more information, see Dr. Pawle’s website: www.reggiepawle.net.

OURSE TOPICS

Sense of self and identity: Collective or Individual- We-self or I-self-

Self in relationship - cross-cultural considerations

Comparisons: Existential psychology and Amae (甘え) psychology

Love and sexuality East and West

Cultural considerations in psychotherapy: India, China, Korea, and Japan

Gestalt therapy and Satir family therapy

Psychological cross-cultural research

Cognitive and perceptual differences between East and West

Universal emotions and cultural display rules

Neurological research and Buddhist psychology

Comparisons: approaches to pain - Logotherapy and Buddhist psychology

GRADING

5% Response paper - “How is My Identity/Self Cultural-” - Due Week 5, Class 2 (Wednesday, October 8, 2008)

30% Midterm exam: Week 8, Class 2 (Wednesday, October 29, 2008)

30% Presentation and paper: Due Week 12, Class 12 (Wednesday, November 26, 2008)

30% Take-home final exam: Due Wednesday, December 17, 2008, 15:50 deadline

5% Class participation

Readings will be selected from the following:

American Psychiatric Association. (2000). DSM-IV-TR. Washington, D.C.

Begley, Sharon. (2007). Dalai Lama Leads a Meeting of the Minds. Wall Street Journal, January 19-21, p. 26.

Begley, Sharon. (2007). Train Your Mind, Change Your Brain: How a New Science Reveals Our Extraordinary Potential to Transform Ourselves. New York: Ballantine Books.

Berry, John; Segall, Marshall; & Kagitcibasi, Cigdem. (1997). Handbook of Cross-cultural Psychology. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Butler, Katy. (2002). On the Borderline. Tricycle, Spring.

Campbell, Joseph. (1988). The Power of Myth. New York: Anchor Books.

Doi, Takeo. (1971). The Anatomy of Dependence. Tokyo: Kodansha International.

Ekman, Paul. (2003). Emotions Revealed. New York: Henry Holt and Company.

Frankl, Victor. (1959). Man’s Search for Meaning. Boston: Beacon Press.

Goleman, Daniel. (1995). Emotional Intelligence. New York: Bantam Books.

Kasulis, T.P. (1981). Zen Action, Zen Person. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Kawai, Hayao. (1996). Buddhism and the Art of Psychotherapy. College Station, Texas, USA: Texas A&M University Press.

Keene, Donald. (ed.) (1955). Anthology of Japanese Literature. New York: Grove Press.

Laing, R.D. (1967). The Politics of Experience. New York: Pantheon Books.

Lin, Phylis; Chao, Winston; Johnson, Terri; Persell, Joan; Tsang, Alfred. (eds.). (1992). Families: East and West (vol. 1). Indianapolis, Indiana, USA: University of Indianapolis Press.

Linehan, Marsha. (1993). Skills Training Manual for Treating Borderline Personality Disorder. New York: Guilford Press.

Loy, David. (1996). Lack and Transcendence: The Problem of Death and Life in Psychotherapy, Existentialism, and Buddhism. Amherst, New York: Humanity Books.

Matsumoto, David; Yoo, Seung Hee; & Fontaine, Johnny. (2008). Mapping Expressive Differences Around the World. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, vol. 39, no. 1 (January).

Naranjo, Claudio. (1993). Gestalt Therapy: The Attitude and Practice of an Atheoretical Experientialism. Nevada City, California, USA: Gateways/IDHHB Publishing.

Nisbett, Richard. (2003). The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think

Differently … And Why. New York: Free Press.

Pachen, Ani, & Donnelley, Adelaide. (2002). Sorrow Mountain. Tokyo: Kodansha.

Pawle, Reggie. (2004). キリスト教と禅仏教における愛 (Love in Christianity and Zen Buddhism), in 知命(Shimei), August 16, 2004, pp. 4-8.

Perls, Fritz. (1992). Gestalt Therapy Verbatim. Highland, New York, USA: The Center for Gestalt Development.

CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY (Fall 2008)

Reggie Pawle, Ph.D., www.reggiepawle.net; reggiepawle@yahoo.com

Office # 3318; Office Hours: Monday 13:15-14:15; Wednesday 16:00-17:00

Roland, Alan. (1988). In Search of Self in India and Japan: Toward a Cross-Cultural Psychology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Roland, Alan. (1996). Cultural Pluralism and Psychoanalysis: The Asian and North American Experience. New York: Routledge.

Rosenberger, Nancy. (1992). Japanese Sense of Self. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.

Student Papers, Unpublished: Sawako Kojima, Sylvia Tonui, Moe Kurachi.

Timmer, John. (2007). Emoticons Carry Cultural Baggage. May 14, 2007. http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20070514-emoticons-carry-cultural-baggage.html

Tseng, Wen-Shing; Chang, Suk Choo; & Nishizono, Masahisa. (eds.). (2005). Asian Culture and Psychotherapy: Implications for East and West. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Unno, Mark. (2006). (ed.) Buddhism and Psychotherapy Across Cultures. Boston: Wisdom Publications.

Wakabayashi, Liane. (2008). The Genesis Way: Create Art Through Intuition. Tokyo: Genesis Art Lounge Press.

Wei-ming, Tu. (1985). Selfhood and Otherness in Confucian Thought. In A. Marsella, G. Devos, & F. Hsu (Eds.), Culture and Self: Asian and Western Perspectives (pp. 231-249. New York: Tavistock Publications.

Winnicott, D.W. (1965). The Maturational Processes and the Facilitating Environment: Studies in the Theory of Emotional Development. Karnac: London.

Yalom, Irvin. (1980). Existential Psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books.

Yomiuri Shimbun, Japanese newspaper, various articles.

Reading Assignments

SELF

Week 1 - Introduction; Sense of Self

Class 1 - introduction; relevance of psychology; dreams

Class 2 - Sense of self, identity, Genesis Cards - Readings Group #1

Wakayabashi, pp. 7-16, 69-70; Kojima, Tonui, and student reports.

Yomiuri Shimbum article, “If They’re Lost, Who Are We-” .

Week 2 - Individualism - Collectivism

Class 1 - National holiday - no class

Class 2 - Individualism/Collectivism - Readings Group #2

Nisbett, pp. 47-77; Values - Hofstede, Kagitcibasi, Storti.

Yomiuri Shimbun article “Unhelpful clerks a result of individualism.”

Week 3 - I-self vs. We-self

Class 1 - I-self, We-self - Readings Group #3

Roland, 1988, pp. xiv-xix, 3-13; Roland, 1996, pp. 3-13, 18-21.

Kurachi response paper

SELF AND RELATIONSHIPS

Class 2 - Collective relationships - Readings Group #4

Wei-ming, pp. 233-251; Kasulis, pp. 3-15.

Basic Confucian Values insert.

Week 4 - Self and Relationships

Class 1 - Individualist Relationships: Existential psychotherapy questions

- Readings Group #5

Yalom, pp. 3-14, 27-29, 215-222, 286-291, 353-356, 419-424.

Class 2 - Dependency Relationships - Readings Group #6

Doi, pp. 28-39, 57-64, 72-75, 81-82, 84-95.

Week 5 - Self and Relationships; Relational Psychologies; Response Paper

Class 1 - Independent Relationships - Readings Group #7

Yalom, pp. 362-373; Winnicott, pp. 43-50, 145-150.

Class 2 - Relational Psychologies: Self Psychology & Buddhist Psychology

- Readings Group #8; Response Paper Due

Roland, pp. 101-116 ; Basic Buddhist Psychology insert.

Week 6 - Love in the West

Class 1 - National holiday - no class

Class 2 - Love and myths in the West - Readings Group #9

Campbell, pp. 1-9, 231-257.

Week 7 - Love in Asia; Gender

Class 1 - Love in Asia - Readings Group #10

Pawle, pp.1-6; Chang, in Lin, et. al., pp. 109-114; Chikamatsu, in Keene, pp. 391, 404-409; Lebra, in Rosenberger, pp. 105-120.

Bangkok Post article, “Love doesn’t conquer all, couples told”

CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH

Class 2 - Sex, gender, and culture - Readings Group #11

Berry, et. al., pp. 163-200.

Week 8 - Midterm Exam; Cognitive styles

Class 1 - Midterm Exam

Class 2 - Differences in perception - Readings Group #12

Nisbett, pp. 79-109.

Week 9 - Cognitive styles

Class 1 - National holiday - no class

Class 2 - Organization of Thinking - Readings Group #13

Nisbett, pp. 137-163.

Yomiuri Shimbun article - “Language and the Expression of Psychological States.”

Week 10 - Emotions

Class 1 - Universal emotions - Readings Group #14

Ekman, pp. 1-16, 213-228, 243-246.

Class 2 - Display Rules - Readings Group #15

Goleman, pp. 113-114. . Timmer, pp. 1-2.

Matsumoto, Yoo, & Fontaine, pp. 55-74.

Week 11 - Emotions; Self-cultivation

Class 1 - Happiness set point - Readings Group #16

Begley, pp. 152, 212-242; Begley, in Wall Street Journal, p. 26.

Class 2 - Cultivation of self as pictured in China and Germany

- Readings Group #17

Kawai, pp. 36-87.

PSYCHOTHERAPY

Week 12 - Approaches to pain; Presentations

Class 1 - National holiday - no class

Class 2 - Presentations

Week 13 - Approaches to pain

Class 1 - Western existentialism - Readings Group #18

Research Paper due

Frankl, pp. 74-91, 103-125.

New York Times article, “Betancourt Tells of Pain, Fear and Faith”

Class 2 - Buddhist questions - Readings Group #19

Loy, pp. xi-xvi, 51-70; Pachen, pp. 194-207, 221.

Week 14 - Pure experience; Cultural considerations in psychotherapy

Class 1 - Pure experience, Gestalt therapy, & R.D. Laing

- Readings Group #20

Naranjo, p. 1-17; Perls, p. 101-103, 128-134.

Laing, pp. 17-22, 25-30, 53-56.

Class 2 - Cultural considerations - Readings Group #21

Roland, 1996, pp. 83-100.

Tseng, in Tseng, Chang, & Nishizono, pp. 270-279.

Week 15 - Final exam -- Take-home exam